RWA · snapshot 2026-08-09
Rwanda
HighOverall risk score
48.5
Percentile of scored universe
53th
Data coverage
100%
vs Australia (16.1)
+32.4
Category breakdown
Political Stability & Governance
Medium6 indicators · 100% coverage
Economic Resilience
Very High7 indicators · 100% coverage
Financial & Currency Risk
High5 indicators · 100% coverage
Business Environment
Medium4 indicators · 100% coverage
Security & Crime
Medium4 indicators · 100% coverage
Climate & Social Compliance
High4 indicators · 100% coverage
Technology & Digital
High4 indicators · 100% coverage
Cultural Distance
Insufficient dataInsufficient data · not in overall score
Key risks and considerations
Rwanda rates High for market entry — an overall risk score of 48.5, riskier than 53% of rated economies and 32 points riskier than Australia.
The main risk drivers are no double-tax agreement with Australia, no investment-treaty protection with Australia, high physical climate vulnerability, low internet adoption (31.7% of the population) and a low income level with limited crisis-absorption capacity.
Relative strengths: business readiness and organised crime pervasiveness both sit in the least-risky quarter of rated economies, and DFAT smartraveller advisory level rates Low, the least-risky rating band.
Possible mitigations
- Payment security. Elevated sovereign/transfer risk: prefer confirmed letters of credit or export credit insurance over open account terms, and watch for import-payment restrictions.
- Withholding tax. No double-tax agreement with Australia: model withholding tax on dividends, interest, and royalties into the business case — it can decide the entity-vs-export question.
- Disaster resilience. High natural-hazard exposure: build business-continuity plans, check insurance availability (including parametric covers), and avoid single-point supply dependencies.
- Connectivity constraints. Thin digital infrastructure: plan for offline-capable operations, local hosting or caching, and paper-tolerant processes with government counterparts.
Generated automatically from this snapshot’s indicator data — a starting point for analysis, not advice.
Indicators
| Indicator | Value | Risk score | Rating | Australia | Data source year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Political Stability & Governance | ||||||
| Voice & accountability (WGI) | 46.5 | 63.7 | High | |||
| Government effectiveness (WGI) | 58.1 | 36.3 | Medium | |||
| Regulatory quality (WGI) | 59.1 | 35.9 | Medium | |||
| Rule of law (WGI) | 58.7 | 45.2 | Medium | |||
| Control of corruption (WGI) | 60.5 | 27.3 | Medium | |||
| Political stability & absence of violence/terrorism (WGI PV) | 65.1 | 52.9 | High | |||
| Economic Resilience | ||||||
| GDP growth (3-yr average, %) | 8.4% (3-yr avg) | 40.0 | Medium | |||
| Growth volatility (10-yr std dev, pp) | ±3.8 pp | 56.0 | High | |||
| Government net debt (% of GDP) | 64.6 | 60.0 | High | |||
| Inflation (CPI %, vs income-group target) | 5.9 | 40.0 | Medium | |||
| Current account (3-yr average, % of GDP) | -10.7% (3-yr avg) | 85.0 | Very High | |||
| FX reserves (months of import cover) | 4.2 months | 30.0 | Medium | |||
| GDP per capita (PPP, current intl $) | $4,164 | 87.7 | Very High | |||
| Financial & Currency Risk | ||||||
| Capital-account openness (Chinn-Ito KAOPEN) | 0.74 | 20.0 | Low | |||
| Currency stability (regime-aware classification) | Pegged — one fragility flag | 65.0 | High | |||
| Sovereign credit risk (OECD country risk classification) | Category 6 / 7 | 82.0 | Very High | |||
| FATF listing (grey / black list status) | Not listed | 0.0 | Low | |||
| Double-tax agreement with Australia | None in force | 100.0 | Very High | |||
| Business Environment | ||||||
| FDI regulatory restrictiveness (OECD FDIRRI) | 0.03 | 38.5 | Medium | |||
| Logistics performance (World Bank LPI) | 2.8 | 53.6 | High | |||
| Business readiness (World Bank B-READY pillar average) | 73.0 | 7.1 | Low | |||
| Investment protection with Australia in force (BIT or FTA investment chapter) | None in force | 100.0 | Very High | |||
| Security & Crime | ||||||
| Armed-conflict intensity (battle deaths per 100k, 5-yr) | 0.0 | 70.3 | High | |||
| Intentional homicide rate (per 100k) | 3.6 | 59.0 | High | |||
| Organised crime pervasiveness (GI-TOC criminality score) | 3.9 | 17.4 | Low | |||
| DFAT Smartraveller advisory level | Level 1 — Exercise normal safety precautions | 10.0 | Low | |||
| Climate & Social Compliance | ||||||
| Physical climate vulnerability (ND-GAIN vulnerability) | 0.610 | 93.9 | Very High | |||
| Disaster risk (INFORM Risk Index) | 4.3 | 63.4 | High | |||
| Modern-slavery prevalence (per 1,000) | 4.3 | 37.2 | Medium | |||
| Modern-slavery vulnerability score | 52.9 | 59.1 | High | |||
| Technology & Digital | ||||||
| E-government development (UN EGDI) | 0.6 | 60.9 | High | |||
| Internet users (% of population) | 31.7 | 89.5 | Very High | |||
| Cybercrime origination (World Cybercrime Index) | 0.0 | 10.0 | Low | |||
| Secure internet servers (per million people) | 161.0 | 72.3 | High | |||
Per-indicator ratings are quartile bands of the 0–100 risk score. The Australia column shows the same indicator’s raw value for the Australian baseline in this snapshot.
Cultural distance
GLOBE 2004 societal practices · rated on distance from Australia · not in the overall score
Context — not scored
Unemployment
11.4%
Displayed, never scored: ambiguous for an entrant and unreliable where informal employment dominates. (2025, ILO modelled)
Trade agreement
No Australian FTA in force
Market access is decision-relevant but a benefit, not a risk — kept out of the rating.
Regional advisories
Higher levels apply in some areas (up to Level 4)
DFAT Smartraveller sub-national advice where it exceeds the overall level.
Compare with
A score means little on its own. These economies scored closest to Rwanda in this snapshot, which is the fastest way to see whether the rating is telling you something specific or something regional.